What is PCOS?
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), sometimes called polycystic ovarian syndrome, is a common women’s health problem that involves a hormonal imbalance.
The imbalance of hormones creates problems in the ovaries, which may prevent eggs from developing properly or releasing during ovulation. This condition often causes missed or irregular periods, which can make it difficult to get pregnant.
PCOS gets its name from the clusters of tiny cysts, or fluid-filled sacs, that often appear on the ovaries of women with this condition.
What are the signs and symptoms of PCOS?
Signs and symptoms of PCOS generally develop around the time of your first menstrual period during adolescence. Sometimes, PCOS develops later in life, especially after a period of substantial weight gain.
To be diagnosed with PCOS, you must have at least two of these signs and symptoms:
- Irregular periods that may be infrequent, prolonged, or abnormally heavy
- Signs of elevated male hormones such as excess facial hair and body hair
- Clusters of cysts on your ovaries
Signs and symptoms of PCOS tend to be more severe in women who are obese. This condition is also more common in women with obesity.
What health problems are associated with PCOS?
PCOS is one of the most common, and treatable, causes of infertility. If you do get pregnant, this condition increases your risk of complications, such as gestational diabetes.
PCOS has also been found to be linked with many other health problems, such as:
- High blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Unhealthy cholesterol
- Depression and anxiety
- Sleep apnea
- Endometrial cancer
It’s unclear as to whether PCOS causes these problems, or vice versa, but studies have found a correlation between PCOS and these conditions.
How do you diagnose and treat PCOS?
First, Dr. Shoman performs a physical and pelvic exam and reviews your medical history. If he suspects PCOS, he may take a pelvic ultrasound to look for ovarian cysts or a blood test to check your hormone levels.
There’s no cure for PCOS, but Dr. Shoman develops a treatment plan to help you manage your symptoms and lead a healthy life. Depending on your unique needs and desire to get pregnant, PCOS treatment may include:
- Weight loss
- Hormonal birth control
- Medicines to help you ovulate
In some cases, surgery may restore normal ovulation for a short period of time.
For compassionate care in managing PCOS, call Elite OBGYN, P.C., or book an appointment online today.
